Marine Hydraulic Systems

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 Hydraulic Systems

Hydraulic systems have the ability to multiply torque or amove machinery at a distance from the engine.
Hydraulic applies force in a simple way.
Mechanical systems would require an intricate system of gears, chains, pulleys, and levers, systems, however, can transmit force from a force engine to the place where it needs to be in order to do the work simply by stringing hydraulic hoses between the two.

Hydraulic Fluid, Pipes & Hoses

Fluids transmit force effectively because they do not compress.
The force that is applied at one end of a hydraulic hose travels to the opposite end of the hose with little loss of power. Changes in the size of hoses along the way can increase or decrease the force applied at the opposite end.


Why Hydraulic?

Because it can't be compressed, a confined fluid is incredibly strong, can be minutely adjusted in any direction, yet is still easily controlled.
Most marine applications use small, easily installed components, with hydraulic lines running through the boat. Properly engineered, hydraulic systems can be stalled without damage, are reversible, and offer a lot of usable power when integrated into a multi-function system. 



Get here the Marine Auxiliary Systems Book where you can find all the information on this and many other topics.


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Hydraulic Components

Generally speaking, all hydraulic systems have the same system elements, whether they are used for windlass, fin stabilizer system, get home, steering, or thruster applications. They include a pump, tank and filter, lines, controls , heat exchanger and output device.



Typical Boat Hydraulic System


  • Steering Systems
  • Bow and Stern Thrusters  
  • Davits and Cranes
  • Anchor 
  • Stabilizers
  • Garage Doors
  • Swim Ladders and Platforms
  • Gangways and passerelles

Principle of a Hydraulic Drive

Pascal's law is the basis of hydraulic drive systems. As the pressure in the system is the same, the force that the fluid gives to the surroundings is, therefore, equal to the pressure x area. In such a way, a small piston feels a small force and a large piston feels a large force. P=F/A
P1 = P2          F1/A1 = F2/A2
The Power that is applied at one point is transmitted to another point using an incompressible fluid. 

Pascal's law states that when there is an increase in pressure at any point in a confined fluid, there is an equal increase at every other point in the container.




Learn more in the following video




The cylinder on the left shows a cross-section area of 1 square inch, while the cylinder on the right shows a cross-section area of 10 square inches
Remember that the pressure is constant in both sides of the circuit  P1 = F1/A1    P2= F2/A2
F1/A1 =  F2/A2



Pascal Law Exercise

A hydraulic press has an input cylinder 1 inch in diameter and an output cylinder 6 inches in diameter. 
Assuming 100% efficiency, find the force exerted by the output piston when a force of 10 pounds is applied to the input piston
If the input piston is moved through 4 inches, how far is the output piston moved?.

Answers: a) 360 Lb b)1/9 in.

A car has a weight of 2500 pounds and rests on four tires, each having a surface area of contact with the ground of 14 square inches. What is the pressure the ground experiences beneath the tires that is due to the car?

Answer: a) 44.64 PSI

What pressure does a 130-pound woman exert on the floor when she balances on one of her heels? Her heels have an average radius of 0.5 inches.

Answer = 165.52 PSI .


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Learn more about Marine Technical Training at www.mttedu.org


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